Saturday, January 25, 2020

A History of Rome and Julius Caesar

A History of Rome and Julius Caesar Report Plan Introduce: Caesar Battle at Alesia Gallia/Europe Report Important Caesar to Rome o Caesars army Vercingetorix o Tribe/prince Gaul history The siege at Alesia and army strategy The Gaul attack Picture of army attack strategy Final battle Map Conclusion New territory of Rome Culture change in Europe Pacere svbjectis, debellare svperbos To show mercy to the conquered and subdue the proud (Aeneid 6.847-853- Virgil.) 1. Introduction This report deals with the historical events that happened during the time of the Roman Consul Caius Julius Caesar (Caesar). It will first look at the important battle at a town called Alesia. It will then describe the battle that took place under the command of Caesar and his opponent Vercingetorix. It will describe some of the unique military strategy used. Finally some conclusions will be drawn about how this historical event had influenced how Europe looks today. 2. Methodology Information in this report is taken from both books and from three websites. The websites were found using Google searches. Websites were checked to guarantee the information was reliable. Books 1. Title: De Bellum Gallicum (in English it is called Commentaries on the Gallic War) It is a collection of 7 books written by Caius Julius Caesar, Roman General, politician and author (12 Jul. 100 BC, 15 Mar. 44 BC). There is an additional one, number 8, written by Aulus Hirtius, soldier, historian, Roman Consul (90 BC 43 BC). Websites Livius.org Livius is a website on ancient history written and maintained since 1996 by the Dutch historian Jona Lendering. It started on a different URL; the present one has been in use since 2000. The website is not for profit; with a couple of exceptions that have been indicated, you can use every photo and text, provided that you refer back to Livius and do not make profit either. Arsbellica.it ArsBellica is an Italian website, also translated in English to permit foreign students to draw from these precious studies, it belongs to Marco and Luca Maurino. These authors document historys battles for their own website and they collaborate with few of the most important universities in Italy. ThoughtCo.com Is a famous international website owned by Neil Vogel. The website debates about several topics like politics, history, maths, religion, sports and much more. It is run by a staff of experts who give the chance to freelance writers to send in their own articles, and after a meticulous review, these articles can be published. 3. The two Generals: Caius Julius Caesar ( July 12/13, 100 B.C. March 15, 44 B.C.) Was one of the most important men of all time. He was known as a brilliant military General, and he took part to form the first triumvirate. The first triumvirate was a political alliance between three consuls in the late Roman Republic: Julius Caesar, Pompey the Great, and Marcus Licinius Crassus. Caesar was the first Roman to land in Britain, and he unified the Gaul after its insurrection. During the siege of Alesia, Caesar had ten legions available (V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, XV), for a total of 60,000 soldiers (ThoughtCo.com, 2017). Picture of Caesar (Ancient History et cetera, 2015) Vercingetorix (82 BC 46 BC)   Ã‚   Vercingetorix is the name that meanswho won 100 battles. He was the Gallic Prince of the Arvernis tribe. During the Gallic war he was   able to gather most of the Gallic tribes in one single impressive army, with himself leading as the General. During the siege of Alesia he had 70,000 soldiers in the citys walls and 240,000 as relief army, situated outside the Roman camp (Thought.com, 2017). Picture of Vercingetorix (Ancient History Encyclopedia, 2014) 4. 58-51 BC, Gallia Cisalpina In 58-51 BC, in territory Gallia Cisalpina (commonly known today as France and part of Belgium), the Roman Consul Caius Julius Caesar (Caesar), ran an intensive military campaign in the region of Gaul. The nature of Caesars tactics, and the style of his battlefront during this period was one of the most bloody during Caesars military career. Within the hill town of Alesia, Caesar and his legions were getting closer to the battlefield that would eventually mark the event as one of the most remarkable military victories in history. This is because the battle that was fought in Alesia involved military strategies which tested Caesars abilities as a leader. He had to find ways to manage numerous traitor-tribes, revolts, and small rebellions. Managing these were important because Caesar knew that if the Gallic tribes formed an alliance against him, the Roman legion may not continue to maintain their rule in the region. (GreatMilitaryBattles.com, 2009) 5. The siege In 52 BC., Vercingetorix, after the battle of Gergovia, thought that it wasnt the right moment to engage in a royal battle against the Caesars army, so therefore he withdrew to the walled Mandubii town of Alesia. Placed on a hill and encircled by river valleys, Alesia was in a strong defensive position. Once nearby Alesia Caesar had to decide the best way to make his attack. Instead of launching a frontal assault, he decided the better strategy was to lay siege to the town, by surrounding the town and waiting for them to surrender. To make sure that Alesia was away from any sort of rescue, Caesars army built a circumvallation wall. Provided with ditches, watchtowers, and traps (such as stimuli, lilies, and tombstones) the wall ran for roughly 15 km. During the endeavor to build the wall by the Romans, Vercingetorix was sending small groups of cavalry with the aim to disturb the Romans work and also to try to kill as many Roman soldiers as possible. Wondering if a possible relief army in Vercingetorix could help, Caesar decided to erect a second wall, in slang contravallation, that was long about 21 km (ThoughtCo.com, 2017). Picture of the circumvallation and contravallation walls at Alesia (Ancient World, 2015) After three weeks of siege, at the end of September, the people in the town were starting to starve. Because of this, Vercingetorix decided to try to assault the Roman camp from the city, with the assistance of the relief army that arrived the day before under the lead of Commius (one of Vercingetorixs army generals), attacking from outside the Roman camp. Both attacks were contained by the Romans, so the Gauls attacked again in the next day, this time with the help of the darkness. When Commius thought that it was the right moment to break through the Roman lines, Mark Anthony and Gaius Trebonius cavalry gave a great proof of their valour keeping the position assigned to them by Caesar. From inside, Vercingetorix was also attacking, but the surprises element was lost due to the need to fill in the Roman trenches before moving onward (ThoughtCo.com, 2017). 6. The final battle The Gauls attack. After one month and a half of the siege, the Gauls decided to concentrate their forces in one last attack. The target was the Roman camp of Mount Rea, the farther from Alesia but even the more difficult to defend, because the landscape of the territory had poor visibility. Inside the citys wall, the remains of the army of Vercingetorix   decided to support the final attack from inside the lines. After 7 hours marching and 5 hours rest, the Gauls launched a devastating charge beginning a bloody hand-to-hand fight. Right away the Roman Tribunes needed reinforcements, so Caesar decided to send 6 military units (cohorts) from the south camp, next to the Mount Flavigny. Vercingetorix saw this move, and he sent quickly a charge to the camp that had just been deprived of a relevant number of troopers. After Caesar gave the order to get the 6 cohorts back to defend the camp from the assault of Vercingetorix, Caesars situation was getting dramatic and he decided to dismount his horse and start to fight with   his comrades. Once the legions of Caius Fabius and Decimus Brutus had recognized the General by his red cloak fighting on their side, they found new energies starting to fight harder (Arsbellica.it, 2015). Picture of army camps and attack directions (arsebellica.it, 2015) Caesars last move. After the 6 cohorts were arrived back to the camp of Mount Flavigny, south of Alesia, Caesar had to rush to the north, to Mount Rea, where the outside army of Vercassivellauno (Vercingetorixs army general) was charging the Roman camp with about 60,000 men. In his way up to the north encampment, Ceasar collected as many horsemen as possible (the Germanic auxiliary cavalry were the best knights of that time), and 4 reserve cohorts. Caesar knew it was his last chance, so he gave his last order: he sent the Germanic cavalry ahead following the entire perimeter to reach Mount Rea, run around it and take the attacking Gauls with surprise by their back. It was a pretty dangerous move because he had to deprive himself of the horsemen for at least two hours, the time to run to the north of Alesia and run around the enemy. In the meantime, Commander Labienus was holding the situation difficultly, waiting for Caesar and relief forces. When the Roman General arrived, he became conscious of the situation. The factions were so mixed that wasnt even possible to thrown an arrow without the risk of hit their own comrades. The legions were in great suffering, but fortunately, as Caesar expected, the Germanic   auxiliary horsemen arrived at the right moment to slaughter the Gauls from rear. Caesar wrote in his book like below: Nostri, omissis pilis, gladiis rem gerunt. Repente post tergum equitatus cernitur. Cohortes aliae adpropinquabant: hostes terga vertunt. Fugientibus equites occurrunt. Fit magna caedes (Ours, renouncing javelins and held the gladii. Suddenly appears behind (of the enemy) our Cavalry. The other cohorts are pressuring, enemies extend their backs. The riders chasing the fugitives. There is a great slaughter ). (CAESAR, De Bello Gallico LXXXVIII, 5-7; arsbellica.it, 2015) Picture of army camps and fleeing directions (arsebellica.it, 2015) The effect of the Caesars last move did not kill the biggest part of the enemy army, but the withdrawal of 60,000 men had increased the fear of the other Gauls who collapsed in panic. After 50 days of siege and their last card played, the Gauls did not manage to break through the Roman defenses. Later on, Vercingetorix yielded to Caesar (arsbellica.it, 2015). 7. Historical results With the repression of the Vercingetorix riot, Rome would finally annex the region of Gaul as Republic Province. This was a significant victory which changed the culture in Gaul. This victory may have other several results. The Romans, after this victory and the following conquest of Britain (England), increased their possession, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, until the North Sea. This property began the fusion of the Celtic people with the Latin ones and the merger of their cultures was be the beginning of the Romance culture of Provence, the courtly poetry and the Carolingian cycle poems. Despite the rising of a new culture, another one was dying out: The Celts. A thriving and old civilization that survived only in the farther and beautiful Island of Ireland.   (arsbellica.it, 2015). 8. References Caesar C.J. (2009). De Bellum Gallicum. Newburyport MA: Focus Publishing. Livius.org. (2014). Alesia (52 BCE).   Retrieved from http://www.livius.org/articles/battle/alesia-52-bce/ Ars bellica. (2015). Assedio di Alesia. Retrieved from http://www.arsbellica.it/pagine/antica/Alesia/alesia.html Kennedy Hickman for ThoughtCo. (2017). Gallic Wars: Battle of Alesia. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/gallic-wars-battle-of-alesia-2360869 Ancient World. (2015). The siege of Alesia 52 BC. Retrieved from http://www.antickysvet.cz/25994n-oblehani-alesie-52-pred-n.l. Ancient History et cetera. (2015). Barry Strauss on the Assassination of Caesar. Retrieved from  http://etc.ancient.eu/interviews/barry-strauss-on-the-assassination-of-caesar/ Ancient History Encyclopedia. (2014). Vercingetorix. Retrieved from http://www.ancient.eu/image/2399/

Friday, January 17, 2020

Enron collapse A look back Essay

               Enron was formed as a result of merging with another company and it became a successful corporate. The joy of the business owners is to see how it grows fast and to attract more investors. There are rules and regulation that governs the corporate financial report that is open for inspection by potential investors (Folger, 2011). The audit of these financial reports should disclose the accurate financial state of the company and this should be made known to the stakeholders of the company. The stakeholders of a company play an important role in progress of the business and the going concern of the company (Sterling, 2002). The company of Enron did not manage its debts and therefore looked for means of hiding the truth from its stakeholders so as to continue making profit.                The aim of a business is to make profit and be able to pay the debts of the creditors and also attract investors who are interested in the business. Most investor relay on the financial statement to determine whether to invest or not to invest (Folger, 2011). The Enron Company was a big company that was famous and successful before its fall. The corporate attracted many investors since they financial report showed how the business was growing at high rate (Bauer, 2009). However the corporate management did not disclose the true and fair view of the financial reports. The financial report of a company should not mislead the shareholders or its members.                Moreover, in the Enron scandal there were some cases in which it showed misconduct of its financial reporting since the corporate did not display true and fair financial accountings to its stakeholders. The corporate used financial fabrication and mark- market accounting to hide its actual debts and real financial situation (Folger, 2011). These reports made the investor believe that the corporate was making profit while it was making losses in real sense. It is also a form of fraud to stakeholders since it cannot meet all its debts and in case of winding up majority of the investors and shareholder would suffer greatly. The Enron scandal was deemed to be great since it had huge debts to settle and its assets could not settle these debts.                Indeed, financial misconduct affects a large group of stakeholder and leaves a great mark that cannot be erased (Sterling, 2002). For example the shareholders of Enron corporate were highly affected and suffered a loss of billions that were not recovered since the corporate went bankrupt and the assets of the business were also false in existence. The investors also suffered greatly from these financial misconduct, they lost their resources. In addition, the employees suffered greatly by losing billions of pension benefits due to the misconduct of financial reports which led to the bankruptcy of the Enron therefore could no longer pay them (Folger, 2011).                The financial statement of a company is very important to the investors, it gives an over view of the stability of the business and its ability to pay debts. The Enron corporate failed to disclose true and fair view financial statements by hiding its real financial reports and the investors were misled and also due to many investments made by the company lead to its bankruptcy (Sterling, 2002). The purpose of accurate financial reports is to help the investors and also the company to know to what extent they should contract or invest in other businesses. It also helps in managing of the company’s debt thus making profit but the Enron was only interested in making a lot of profits that led to their down fall.                  Ethics are rules that govern every business and its members on how to conduct their daily roles in the company (Brady, & Dunn, 1995). In other words, the managers of this corporate owe their loyalty to its stakeholders and their interest ought to be the interest of the business (Bauer, 2009). In deontology of the Enron corporate, the management had a duty and obligations to display the true statement of finance and also to operate the business in the interest of the stakeholders and not their interest. As the leaders they ought to make sure that the going concern of the business is kept and the assets of the company are secured. In addition, the duty of the Enron managers was to disclose the true and fair view of financial reports (Bauer, 2009).                  On other hand, utilitarian is a form ethic that is used to show the positive side of the organization, for example by disclosing the false statement to stakeholders thus blinding them of the real situation (Folger, 2011). The Enron leaders used different methods to conceal the truth about its debts and faked the profits. They made the business look attractive and therefore more investors invested in the business. At the end, the ethics rules were violated and the leaders had a role to play .Enron had a role to disclose the truth which could have rescued the company (Bauer, 2009). If at the beginning, the company revealed the truth it would not have ended bankrupt and the employees would have secured their jobs. Finally, the company had a duty to disclose the true financial statements and also save the company from falling and the scandals would have been avoided. The companies should put into practice the ethics governing the corporates. Therefore, to pre vent any future happenings such as the past frauds in the company, there has been an enhanced regulation as well as oversight in the company (Folger, 2011). References Bauer, A. (2009). The Enron scandal and the Sarbanes-Oxley-Act. München: GRIN Verlag. Brady, F. N., & Dunn, C. P. (1995). Business meta-ethics: An analysis of two theories. Business Ethics Quarterly, 385-398. Folger, J. (2011). The Enron collapse: A look back. Investopedia, December 1. Retrieved October 25, 2014, at http://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/1211/the-enron-collapse-a-look-back.aspx Sterling, T. F. (2002). The Enron scandal. New York: Nova Science Publishers. Source document

Thursday, January 9, 2020

The Death Of Death System - 898 Words

The death system according to Kastenbaum (2012) is â€Å"the interpersonal and symbolic network, through which an individual’s relationship to mortality is mediated by his or her society† (p.102). This means that we face death as individuals and face it as a society and culture. The death system teaches members of a group concerning death, using mental, emotional and behavioral components and functions. There are five component: People, Places, Times, Objects and Symbols and seven function: warning and predictions, preventing death, caring for the dying, disposing of the dead, social consolidation after death, making sense of death, and killing (Kastenbaum, 2012, p.102). We associate certain types of people with death. There are the funeral directors, the florist, clergymen, life insurance salesperson and even a weapon designer. Places like cemeteries, disaster sites, funeral homes, battlefields, and hospice rooms, are also reminders of death. Particular times like 9 /11, Good Friday, Memorial Day and Halloween are group associations to death. An individual can associate death with an anniversary of a death of a love one. Our society sees death objects daily: roadside memorials, a hearse, tombstones, and obits. Symbols in the death system include skull crossbones designs, a picture of a devil, swastika and the color black in some cultures (Kastenbaum, 2012, p.77-80). There are seven function in the death system that place stress on society and relates toShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of The Prison System936 Words   |  4 Pagesreality things like insanity and schizophrenia are true illness that can’t be controlled on their own. With the assistance of therapist and psychologists, these inmates can find value in their lives. If suicide is the largest cause of death within the prison systems, the finding meaning in their lives is all these inmates want. 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Wednesday, January 1, 2020

Gender Differences - 1265 Words

Gender differences In todays society, people are becoming more aware of the problem of stereotypes. Although we are meant to live in a fluid society, the portrayal of rigid stereotypes by the media does not help to reduce this problem. Many issues involving sexual status and gender stereotypes have been disputed, including the ethical reasoning behind why stereotypes should be dismissed and avoided in advertising. Male and female stereotypes have always been present in our daily lives, but they were stronger in the early years before the fifties. These differences caused social problems such as forbidding women to use jeans instead of skirts or dresses, the famous stereotype in which the woman stays at home taking care of the children†¦show more content†¦When we say â€Å"gender†, the person identifies itself as what they want to be: male, female, both or none. The sex of a person only depends on the reproductive organ, nothing more. 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We will never be able to know what’s going on inside another person’s mind 24/7, so what’s best is to respect others as much as we can, even if their ideas are so different from ours. Although I think everyone’s different, science has made experiments in which it is shown that due to the difference in hormones from men and women, males are more likely to be aggressive,Show MoreRelatedGender Differences in Depression3018 Words   |  13 PagesDIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 173 Gender Differences in Depression Susan Nolen-Hoeksema1 Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan Abstract From early adolescence through adulthood, women are twice as likely as men to experience depression. Many different explanations for this gender difference in depression have been offered, but none seems to fully explain it. 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Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Welcome At The Little Angels Child Care Center Essay

Welcome To Our School Welcome to the Little Angels Child Care Center! Early Childhood is an important phase in the child’s life and we are excited to partner with you and your child’s education. We look forward to serve you and your children and we wish that your family will have a happy and exciting experience at our school. This handbook will serve as a guide to all our parents and help you to understand our philosophy and policies. We encourage our teachers and parents to work together to provide nourishing environment to support the child’s holistic development. We assure that any of the enrolled child or their family will not be discriminated against on the basis of Age, Color, Sex, Race, Creed, National Origin, Handicap, or Ancestry. Our Philosophy Each child is a unique individual. We believe children learn better by doing and exploring. Little Angel’s emphases on â€Å"whole child† development, that includes physical, social, emotional, and cognitive developmental needs. We encourage self-awareness in the children and believe children learn best through play. Psychologist Jean Piaget believed that children are like â€Å"little scientists† and they actively try to explore and make sense of the world around them. So we allow children to explore themselves and their surroundings to become bright stars of the future. In Little Stars, our goal is to provide high-quality care to children without discrimination. Our objective is to provide a caring, nurturing, and homelyShow MoreRelatedSwamp Angel: The Essence of Life2184 Words   |  9 PagesSwamp Angel: The Essence of Life In Ethel Wilson’s Swamp Angel, protagonist Maggie Vardoe undertakes a deliberate quest seeking out what once made her happy as a young adult. Maggie values family, human relationships – no matter how troublesome – life on the land, and success in work. When she leaves Vancouver, she leaves behind Edward Vardoe, who represents oppression, her broken spirit and her own stifled potential, and she progressively regains the happiness she seeks to find. She achieves thisRead MoreDay Care Essay2550 Words   |  11 Pagesfamily, child care, and housekeeping. It becomes evident that where traditional marriage through the centuries has been a partnership based on mutual dependency, modern marriage demands greater self-sufficiency† (Hekker). Day care becomes a necessity for many families, and the main concern for most parents is if the day care will be a positive experience for their children. Day care can be a positive option for parents seeking help with child car e as well as developmentally for the child. ManyRead MoreWhat Is Child Dedication? Essay2618 Words   |  11 Pagesâ€Æ' II. CHILD DEDICATION What is Child Dedication? 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In 1999, one in five of the 28 million children who regularly surfed the Internet received unwanted sexual solicitations (CQ Researcher, March 2002)Read MoreEssay on Oscar Wilde and His Fairy Tales5131 Words   |  21 Pageson aspects of society, including the three I have chosen to look at â€Å"The Happy Prince?and â€Å"The Selfish Giant?from The Happy Prince and â€Å"The Young King?from A House of Pomegranates. â€Å"The Happy Prince?is perhaps his most famous fairy tale. The story centers on the happy prince, once a sheltered and ignorant young man, realizing for the first time truths he never suspected while living but is ex posed to now from his current position â€Å"high above the city? A swallow on his way to a warmer climate for theRead MoreOscar Wilde and His Fairy Tales5266 Words   |  22 Pageson aspects of society, including the three I have chosen to look at The Happy Prince?and The Selfish Giant?from The Happy Prince and The Young King?from A House of Pomegranates. 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Monday, December 16, 2019

Swastikaâ€a Symbol of Good and Evil Free Essays

SOCS350-ON November 7, 2008 THE SWASTIKA-A SYMBOL OF GOOD AND EVIL The hackenkreuz, gamma cross, gammadion, St. Brigit’s cross, fylfot cross and swastika are all references to one symbol, the oldest cross in the world. This symbol is represented several thousand years B. We will write a custom essay sample on Swastika–a Symbol of Good and Evil or any similar topic only for you Order Now C. in multiple cultures. It is not until the 1900’s that the term â€Å"swastika† elicits such a fervor of emotions. It is interesting to contrast the viewpoints of the Chinese community versus the enormity of human passion that ensues in a Jewish community when the symbol is displayed. As cited in Chinese Symbols – Common Five Asian Attributes,http:symbolic-meanings. com/2007/11/01chinese-symbols-commonAncient Chinese symbols and their meanings are a product of a very savvy people who understood the human need to progress in their conjunction with their propensity to link positive change with visual/allegorical concepts. The Chinese believe that crises in one’s life bring the opportunity for change. Symbolism is incorporated in the kanji, more commonly referred to as Chinese characters. Kanji, itself means both crises and opportunity. As many people of China embrace the Buddhist religion, it is an opportunity to discuss the swastika from this point of view. As cited in ReligionFacts; â€Å" The Swastika Symbol in Buddhism† htt//symbolic-meanings. com/2007/11/01chinese-symbols-common Page 2 Swastika In Buddhism, the swastika signifies auspiciousness and good fortune as well as the Buddha’s footprints and the Buddha’s heart. The swastika is said to contain the whole mind of the Buddha and can often be found imprinted on the chest, feet or palms of Buddha images. It is also the first of the 65 auspicious symbols on the footprint of the Buddha. The swastika will also be found in homes, on the doorways to temples, at the beginning of books, in decorative borders and in clothing as well as being carved into Chinese coins. The swastika is seen as a symbol of luck and life. As cited in NewsFinder. org/site/more/swastika â€Å"The Oldest Known Symbol† In Nazi Germany, the swastika became the national symbol. In 1910, a poet and nationalist, Guido von List suggested that the swastika be a symbol for all anti Semitic organizations. On August 7, 1920, at the Salzburg Congress, this flag became the official emblem of the Nazi Party. The actual drawing of the thousands of year old swastika remained the same with one exception after the adoption by the Nazi’s—the exclusive use of the colors black, red and white. The swastika holds a vivid, powerful vision for those of the Jewish community. The impact though now changes from positive and serene as seen with the Chinese community to that of conjuring up memories of the holocaust, a time of horror and hate. The brief appropriation by the Nazi’s of the swastika has forever destroyed the positive a Page 3 Swastika and serene interpretation of this symbol for much of the world but especially for those of Hebrew belief. So deeply imbedded in the minds of those with an ancestry to Judaism that to merely see the swastika is to re-live the stories of the holocaust, the inhumanity and despair. So powerful a symbol is that the swastika can create havoc on one’s limbic system. Though fewer victims are left now from this reign of terror, the legacy lives on to this day and assuredly shall for many generations to come. Two cultures, two moments in time, two opposing interpretations as related to a simple drawing have been discussed. The power is of course not in the drawing, but in the meaning perceived by the drawing. In one culture we see the swastika as life, in the other we see the swastika as a vile destruction of life. How to cite Swastika–a Symbol of Good and Evil, Papers

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Marketing Opportunities

Question: Identify and Evaluate Marketing Opportunities. Answer: Introduction Jollibee is the fast food center. This center founded by Tony Tan and his family stop starting as an ice cream parlor after that it later grows into an outgoing global band. This food corporation locks in the operation, franchising, growth of Quick Service Restaurant (QSR).Jollibee restaurant has a successful story of the business. At first, they started two-franchise cream parlor in 1975, and another is sandwiched, and it becomes incorporative in 1978. The company is expanded and also aggressive international expansion plan in the USA, Hong Kong, Saudi Arabia, etc. One accustomed extravagance to a Filipino in Hong Kong. This out late is tranquil of two levels, one is ground floor, and another is the basement. Filipino cafes in Central District. The general troposphere is truly Filipino; the food designed is every much the same as how we discrimination chicken joy truly makes Jollibee Hong Kong a dependable Jollibee rather than just a food channel. In Hong Kong, there is presently on e branch placed in central which was modernized. Jollibee is undone its first store in the United Arab Emirates in April 1995.When every solid food center is renovated then observed that any industry is located in there. The company has an American stylishness fast food chain with Filipino unfinished dishes specializing in chicken, burgers, spaghetti and some Filipino dishes. Jollibee was successful in verbalizing it's into products to suit the certain taste of the Filipino consumer. Identify market opportunities Business planning plays a key role in forming a proper business strategy. The business planning process is defined as observing and analyzing the predetermined business past to regulate and forecast the strategy and plans. After predicting the business trends and needs, it is required to estimate market opportunities. Each and every market is not equal. Some are small investor whereas others are large investors. The market chose over here is Hong Kong, USA, Saudia Arab. The there main strategy is to analyze the market condition and apply the modern techniques. Research of potential new MARKETS AND its influence over the same USA: In the USA people prefer fast-casual restaurants and catering trucks. Fast food has mainly been Americans diets. Men are more can be likely to be attracted to fast food than women. The share of per capita income spent on food purchased at the restaurant and fast food places has been increased from 3.4 to 4.1 percentage. Individual are considered as literate if they can read and write. Many languages are being spoken in the USA. The most common language spoken in the USA is known as AMERICAN ENGLISH. .One of the current political disputes is a violent terrorist attack here HONG KONG Hong Kong is termed as the food capital of the world. Hong Kong's McDonalds served as the food center (Mcdonalds, 2011). Business persons have their luncheon appointments. Changes have taken place in society which results in more meals taken. The global literacy rate for every people who aged 15 and above is 86.3 percent. GDP is increased by 2 percent at the same time as the unemployment level decreased. According to the recent report, both Chinese and English are the official languages in Hong Kong. Saudia Arabs Fast food is expected to remain the most interesting channels within food server in Saudi Arabs through the forecast time. Arabic is being spoken officially here. Riyadh remains the center of it. The dispute here arises destruction by the terror. Exports rise at the rate of 10 percent. The sales have been more increasing at an increasing rate from 2004 to 2008. Potential business application and develop into potential marketing opportunities: Jollibee group is an engaging investment. Through the year, the company is advance into a company with the image of prizes clients (Chandrasekaran, 2010). Due to this fact always up to date with contemporary consumer movements, care a dark eye to what our customs are beholding for. We have in the drop with our customs through verity type of programs and upgrade and developing marketplace operations that touch our customs sentiments. To have from top to bottom quality products the Jollibee has their commissary system, confirming the manufacture and distribution of safe and high eminence food in the most cost effectiveness custom. The company can afford their goods for their entire procedures partaking the three big commissaries. Investigate marketing opportunities- Identify and analyses opportunities regarding their likely fit with organizational goals and capabilities Jollibee is a good and very widest fast food center which becomes better very fatly. The fast food chain can become largest fast food manacle in the Philippines. Jollibee becomes grower their business on nationwide. It grows their business network of over 750 stores in the Philippines. Now the company wants to expand their business in three different markets or region. The three markets are USA, Hong Kong, and Saudi Arabia. So there must have different marketing opportunities according to their market location. Identify and Analyze opportunities in USA, Hong Kong, and Saudi Arabia - To extend business in that location, they must have to complete a franchise application form. Also, there must have a better community standing, an adamant leadership, and good people handling skill. Also, they have to devote time for managing the branch and also complete the required training program. Investigate marketing opportunities - Evaluate each opportunity to determine its impact on current business and customer base At first, the company has to fill their franchisee application form. They have to keep their very reliable community standing to maintain a better customer relationship. To maintain the opportunity they need strong leadership, by whom they can control the total business strategy (Grundy, 2003). After that, the company also needs some stakeholders who have a real people handling skill. The most important thing is that they have to manage some time to manage the branch and employees training program. So based on the above opportunities the company can take a good start to becoming better their current business and expand their customer base. Investigate marketing opportunities - Use an assessment of external factors as well as costs also benefits. They also investigate the risks, and opportunities to know the financial viability of each marketing opportunity External factors- It contains Political factors, Economic factors, Social factors, Technological factors, Legal factors, and an Environmental factor of USA, Hong Kong, and Saudi Arabia. Economic factors contain all determinants in the economy as well as its condition (Societal and economic factors, 2008). In social factors, every country has its unique situations. Technology mainly influences the company to become better. The legal factor can change on time for a country and lastly the environmental factor can differ according to the country climate. Cost and Risks- Cost is a critical part of a company. It denotes what the company invests for their products (Sullivan and Thomas, 2010). After customer satisfaction, they can calculate the profit margin on the cost. It can differ according to the marketing region. To maintain their profits, there have some risks according to maintain the profits and the customer base. Investigate marketing opportunities - Determine probable return on investment and potential competitors The analysis of competitors in the marketing as well as the strategic management is an evaluation of the present and prospective competitors. The offensive as well as defensive strategic, the identity of context and also threats provided by this analysis. Briefly, describe and rank marketing opportunities on their viability, and likely contribution to the business To maintain the business, the company has to rank their opportunities. For the priority of ranking, firstly the company need to fill the franchisee application form, after that they need a perfect leadership to control the whole procedure (Giuliani and Kurson, 2002). After that, the company needs better-trained employees who care about the customer and have some good communicating skill. Lastly, it's the time to look the cost and profit margin. Evaluate required changes to current operations- Identify and document changes needed to current operations to take advantage of viable marketing opportunities To maintain the business development, the company needs to maintain their business opportunities according to the current business operation. The company mainly concern about their business goal to become better their business and customer relationship (Fjermestad and Romano, 2006). That needs to be changed on their current operations like leadership, food products and customer handling procedures. Evaluate required changes to current operations Ensure organizational changes on the service with an increased or different customer base and also including provision for the continued quality of service to existing customers It is important for a company to concern about their existing customers. Existing customers can lead a very grateful role on a company. The company mainly needs to maintain their food quality. The quality must be differing according to customers demand. A successful business can depend on the new sales. New customers can lead a major role for a company. It is very complicated to each business for correctly manages customer form the real spine of business success (Kilcast and Angus, 2011). Estimate resource requirements for changed operations and Determine and communicate viability of making changes to current operations to key stakeholders Every company needs to manage their customer requirements and estimating the resources that are needed to become better their business (Schofer, 2003). To beat their competitors the company needs to detect their faults on their food products. Also, the customer handling department of the company needs to know the customer demands. According to the analysis, they need to change their products as soon as possible and concern about their operational type of requirements. So, for this reason, the company needs to keep more concern about their stakeholders and their needs. The shareholders are the core of a company. They can make changes according to the customers demand on behalf of a company. Document the newly identified marketing opportunities and take required changes This unit of the company can maintain the individuals are working for the enterprise with a marketing team. The team identifies, investigate and as well as evaluate the marketing opportunities to reach the organizational and marketing objectives. On the base of the analysis, the current business operation needs to be changed. References Chandrasekaran, S. (2010).Application development for IBM WebSphere Process Server 7 and Enterprise Service Bus 7. Birmingham, U.K.: Packt Pub. Fjermestad, J. and Romano, N. (2006).Electronic customer relationship management. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. Giuliani, R. and Kurson, K. (2002).Leadership. New York: Hyperion. Grundy, T. (2003).Gurus on business strategy. London: Thorogood. Kilcast, D. and Angus, F. (2011).Developing children's food products. Cambridge: Woodhead Pub. Mcdonalds. (2011). Creative Paperbacks Inc. Precise geodetic infrastructure. (2010). Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. Schofer, J. (2003).Resource requirements for demand-responsive transportation services. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board of the National Academies. Societal and economic factors. (2008). Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board. Sullivan, M. and Thomas, B. (2010).Expeditionary Fighting Vehicle (EFV) program faces cost, schedule and performance risks. Washington, DC: U.S. Govt. Accountability Office.